{"id":8996,"date":"2023-09-20T15:02:13","date_gmt":"2023-09-20T13:02:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/?p=8996"},"modified":"2023-09-20T15:07:45","modified_gmt":"2023-09-20T13:07:45","slug":"jak-funguje-fotoaparat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/jak-funguje-fotoaparat\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak funguje fotoapar\u00e1t: \u010das \u2013 clona \u2013 ISO"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy fotoapar\u00e1t\u016f. Princip tvorby sn\u00edmku je v\u0161ak identick\u00fd. Sv\u011btlo mus\u00ed proj\u00edt skrze optiku (objektiv) a&nbsp;n\u00e1sledn\u011b se prom\u00edtnout na z\u00e1znamov\u00e9 m\u00e9dium (nap\u0159. film, digit\u00e1ln\u00ed sn\u00edma\u010d). Fotografovanou sc\u00e9nu lze dokonce sn\u00edmat i&nbsp;bez optiky<span class=\"st\">.<\/span> Jak\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed mo\u017enosti nastaven\u00ed fotoapar\u00e1tu? Co vlastn\u011b p\u0159esn\u011b v&nbsp;n\u011bm prob\u00edh\u00e1, kdy\u017e zm\u00e1\u010dknete spou\u0161\u0165? Detaily prozrad\u00edme v&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-03.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-52195\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-03-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-03-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-03-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-03-50x28.jpg 50w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-03-370x208.jpg 370w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-03-270x152.jpg 270w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-03-740x416.jpg 740w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-03.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 pochopen\u00ed expozice v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee l\u00e9pe se orientovat v&nbsp;r\u016fzn\u00fdch hodnot\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 s&nbsp;focen\u00edm souvis\u00ed, budete toti\u017e v\u011bd\u011bt, jak po\u0159izovat ostr\u00e9 fotografie nebo doc\u00edlit efekt\u016f jako je nap\u0159. rozmazan\u00e9 pozad\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm procesem ve fotografii je <strong>expozice<\/strong> \u2013 proces, kter\u00fd nastane ve chv\u00edli, <strong>kdy zm\u00e1\u010dknete spou\u0161\u0165<\/strong>. Fotoapar\u00e1t nadzvedne zrcadlo (jen v&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zrcadlovek), <strong>otev\u0159e z\u00e1v\u011brku a&nbsp;nech\u00e1 dopadat sv\u011btlo na <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/velikost-snimace\/?cref=cew_ref_blog_jak-funguje-fotoaparat_x_x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sn\u00edma\u010d<\/a><\/strong> <strong>po ur\u010ditou dobu<\/strong>. Po uzav\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011brky je hotov\u00e1 fotografie ulo\u017een\u00e1 na pam\u011b\u0165ovou kartu. To, jak v\u00fdsledn\u00fd sn\u00edmek vypad\u00e1, ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed <strong>hlavn\u00ed faktory<\/strong> \u2013<strong> jak dlouho sv\u011btlo na sn\u00edma\u010d dopadalo <\/strong>(jak\u00fd \u010das jsme m\u011bli nastaven\u00fd) <strong>a kolik ho na sn\u00edma\u010d dopadlo<\/strong> (jak hodn\u011b otev\u0159enou clonu objektivu jsme m\u011bli).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_52194\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-52194\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-02.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-52194\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-02-300x155.jpg\" alt=\"Stavov\u00fd displej fotoapar\u00e1tu\" width=\"700\" height=\"361\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-02-300x155.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-02-768x396.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-02-50x26.jpg 50w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-02-370x191.jpg 370w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-02-270x139.jpg 270w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-02-740x382.jpg 740w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-02.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-52194\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnoty \u010das, clona a&nbsp;ISO naleznete na p\u0159ehledov\u00e9m displeji<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<hr>\n<p><a name=\"cas\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Expozi\u010dn\u00ed \u010das<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>To je hodnota se kterou se ve fotografii b\u011b\u017en\u011b setk\u00e1te. Vyjad\u0159uje <strong>dobu, po n\u00ed\u017e m\u00e1 sv\u011btlo dopadat na sn\u00edma\u010d<\/strong><strong> fotoapar\u00e1tu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee <strong>\u010d\u00edm d\u00e9le sv\u011btlo na sn\u00edma\u010d dopad\u00e1, t\u00edm sv\u011btlej\u0161\u00ed bude v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 fotografie<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Spr\u00e1vn\u00fd expozi\u010dn\u00ed \u010das je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd k<strong>&nbsp;dosa\u017een\u00ed ostr\u00e9 fotografie<\/strong>, na kter\u00e9 nen\u00ed pohyb nijak rozmazan\u00fd (a\u0165 u\u017e se pohybuje objekt, nebo je pohyb fotoapar\u00e1tu zp\u016fsoben\u00fd pohybem va\u0161\u00ed ruky).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"row-fluid\">\n<div class=\"span6 rhcol\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_9154\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9154\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Dlouhy-cas-zaverky-fotoaparatu-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9154\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Dlouhy-cas-zaverky-fotoaparatu-1-1024x686.jpg\" alt=\"Dlouh\u00fd \u010das z\u00e1v\u011brky fotoapar\u00e1tu\" width=\"700\" height=\"469\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Dlouhy-cas-zaverky-fotoaparatu-1-1024x686.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Dlouhy-cas-zaverky-fotoaparatu-1-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Dlouhy-cas-zaverky-fotoaparatu-1-768x515.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Dlouhy-cas-zaverky-fotoaparatu-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9154\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>1\/6 sekundy &#8211; pohybliv\u00e9 objekty jsou rozmazan\u00e9<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"span6 rhcol\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_9155\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9155\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Kratky-cas-zaverky-fotoaparatu-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9155\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Kratky-cas-zaverky-fotoaparatu-1-1024x687.jpg\" alt=\"Kr\u00e1tk\u00fd \u010das z\u00e1v\u011brky fotoapar\u00e1tu\" width=\"700\" height=\"470\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Kratky-cas-zaverky-fotoaparatu-1-1024x687.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Kratky-cas-zaverky-fotoaparatu-1-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Kratky-cas-zaverky-fotoaparatu-1-768x515.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Kratky-cas-zaverky-fotoaparatu-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9155\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>1\/170 sekundy &#8211; pohybliv\u00e9 objekty jsou ostr\u00e9<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote><p><em>Dlouh\u00fd expozi\u010dn\u00ed \u010das lze p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed stativu vyu\u017e\u00edt i&nbsp;ke kreativn\u00edm efekt\u016fm. Zat\u00edmco statick\u00e9 objekty z\u016fstanou ostr\u00e9, dynamick\u00e9 (nap\u0159. sv\u011btla proj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch aut) na fotografii zanechaj\u00ed stopu. Foto: Filip Piwowarczik<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/tanDum_3k4-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9110\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/tanDum_3k4-2-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Dlouh\u00fd expozi\u010dn\u00ed \u010das\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/tanDum_3k4-2-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/tanDum_3k4-2-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/tanDum_3k4-2-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Samyang_14mm_Night_3-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9113\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Samyang_14mm_Night_3-1-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Dlouh\u00fd expozi\u010dn\u00ed \u010das\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Samyang_14mm_Night_3-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Samyang_14mm_Night_3-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Samyang_14mm_Night_3-1-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Clona<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed hodnotou v&nbsp;expozi\u010dn\u00edm \u201etroj\u016fheln\u00edku\u201c je <strong>clona\/clonov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong>. Clonov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo zna\u010d\u00ed velikost otvoru (clony) v&nbsp;objektivu, kter\u00fd pou\u0161t\u00ed ke sn\u00edma\u010di ur\u010dit\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed sv\u011btla.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>V&nbsp;tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, podobn\u011b jako u&nbsp;expozi\u010dn\u00edho \u010dasu, plat\u00ed, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm v\u00edce je clona otev\u0159en\u00e1, t\u00edm sv\u011btlej\u0161\u00ed bude v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 fotka. Velikost otvoru (clony) zna\u010d\u00ed clonov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo F.<strong> \u010c\u00edm men\u0161\u00ed je, t\u00edm v\u00edce je clona otev\u0159en\u00e1<\/strong> <strong>\u2013 a&nbsp;na sn\u00edma\u010d tak dopad\u00e1 v\u00edce sv\u011btla<\/strong>. (nap\u0159. f\/1,2 je velice otev\u0159en\u00e1 clona a&nbsp;f\/22 je naopak malink\u00e1 \u201e\u0161kv\u00edrka\u201c, kterou objektiv pou\u0161t\u00ed sv\u011btlo d\u00e1l na sn\u00edma\u010d).<\/li>\n<li>Ke clon\u011b se v\u00e1\u017ee je\u0161t\u011b jedna dal\u0161\u00ed vlastnost. <strong>\u010c\u00edm \u201eotev\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u201c je objektiv (tzn. n\u00edzk\u00e9 clonov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo), t\u00edm ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed je hloubka ostrosti<\/strong> \u2013 tedy \u010d\u00e1st obrazu, kter\u00e1 je 100% ostr\u00e1. Jist\u011b si vybav\u00edte fotografie, kde je fotografovan\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt ostr\u00fd, zat\u00edmco pozad\u00ed je rozmazan\u00e9. T\u00edm \u201etrikem\u201c je pr\u00e1v\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 clonov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo (nap\u0159. f\/1,8).<\/li>\n<li>Vysok\u00e1 sv\u011btelnost je v\u00fdhodou t\u011bch nejlep\u0161\u00edch objektiv\u016f. Nap\u0159. sv\u011btelnost\u00ed f\/1,2 disponuj\u00ed jen <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/objektivy?fotolab_product%5Bquery%5D=f%2F1.2#productListing?cref=cew_ref_blog_jak-funguje-fotoaparat_x_x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 portr\u00e9tn\u00ed objektivy<\/a><\/strong>. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/objektivy\/objektivy\/zoom-objektivy?facetName_1=Z%C3%A1kladn%C3%AD+zoom&amp;facet_1=ads_f_38505_ntk_cs%253A%2522Z%25C3%25A1kladn%25C3%25AD%2Bzoom%2522&amp;pageView=grid&amp;fromPage=catalogEntryList&amp;beginIndex=0#productListing?cref=cew_ref_blog_jak-funguje-fotoaparat_x_x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed zoomov\u00e9 objektivy<\/a><\/strong> maj\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u011b sv\u011btelnost okolo f\/3,5-5,6 \u2013 i&nbsp;p\u0159esto \u017ee jsou mo\u017enosti zoomu tedy univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed, kr\u00e1sn\u011b hladce rozmazan\u00e9ho pozad\u00ed s&nbsp;nimi v\u0161ak nedos\u00e1hnete.\n<figure id=\"attachment_8948\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8948\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/DSC_0917vrab111malhotjpg.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8948\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/DSC_0917vrab111malhotjpg-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Foto: Jarom\u00edr Kade\u0159\u00e1bek\" width=\"700\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/DSC_0917vrab111malhotjpg-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/DSC_0917vrab111malhotjpg-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/DSC_0917vrab111malhotjpg-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/DSC_0917vrab111malhotjpg.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8948\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Otev\u0159en\u00edm clony objektivu dos\u00e1hneme rozmazan\u00e9ho pozad\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e focen\u00fd objekt p\u011bkn\u011b vynikne<br \/><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<hr>\n<h3><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Citlivost ISO<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Posledn\u00ed prom\u011bnnou je<strong> hodnota ISO \u2013 tedy citlivost sn\u00edma\u010de<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u010c\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed je hodnota ISO, <strong>t\u00edm je sn\u00edma\u010d fotoapar\u00e1tu citliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed na sv\u011btlo, kter\u00e9 na n\u011bj dopad\u00e1<\/strong>. Dovoluje n\u00e1m pou\u017e\u00edvat krat\u0161\u00ed \u010dasy (tedy m\u00edt i&nbsp;ostr\u00e9 fotky) ve \u0161patn\u00fdch sv\u011bteln\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n<li>K&nbsp;vysok\u00fdm ISO se v\u00e1\u017ee \u0161um (obdoba zrna u&nbsp;kinofilmu). <strong>\u010c\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hodnota ISO je, t\u00edm v\u00edce \u0161umu je na v\u00fdsledn\u00e9m obr\u00e1zku<\/strong>. Vysok\u00e9 ISO n\u00e1m tedy dovol\u00ed fotit v&nbsp;hor\u0161\u00edch sv\u011bteln\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, to je v\u0161ak &#8222;vykoupeno&#8220; za \u0161um na v\u00fdsledn\u00fdch fotk\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_52193\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-52193\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-01.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-52193\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-01-300x220.jpg\" alt=\"Jak vznik\u00e1 fotografie\" width=\"700\" height=\"513\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-01-300x220.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-01-768x563.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-01-50x37.jpg 50w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-01-370x271.jpg 370w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-01-270x198.jpg 270w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-01-740x543.jpg 740w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-01-80x60.jpg 80w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/grafy-01.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-52193\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tento obr\u00e1zek p\u011bkn\u011b shrnuje vztah mezi v\u0161emi t\u0159emi zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdmi hodnotami<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<hr>\n<h3>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n<h3>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p>\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9 na na\u0161em blogu: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/citlivost-jak-to-funguje\/\">Citlivost ISO: jak funguje?<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>Jak s&nbsp;t\u011bmito hodnotami pracovat?<\/h3>\n<p>A jak tedy nal\u00e9zt tu \u201espr\u00e1vnou\u201c bilanci mezi t\u011bmito hodnotami?<\/p>\n<p>Na prvn\u00ed pohled se to v\u0161e m\u016f\u017ee jevit jako p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho informac\u00ed. <strong>S&nbsp;ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm t\u011bchto hodnot n\u00e1m v\u0161ak pom\u00e1h\u00e1 fotoapar\u00e1t podle re\u017eimu, kter\u00fd si zvol\u00edme<\/strong>. V\u011bt\u0161inou tak pohybujeme pouze s&nbsp;jednou hodnotou \u2013 podle toho, nad kterou z&nbsp;v\u00fd\u0161e popsan\u00fdch hodnot chceme m\u00edt kontrolu (nej\u010dast\u011bji re\u017eim priority clony pro kontrolou nad hloubkou ostrosti\/rozmaz\u00e1n\u00edm pozad\u00ed) \u2013 a&nbsp;fotoapar\u00e1t dopo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 ty zbyl\u00e9 tak, aby fotografie byla adekv\u00e1tn\u011b sv\u011btl\u00e1. V\u00fdjimkou je pln\u011b manu\u00e1ln\u00ed re\u017eim, ve kter\u00e9m m\u00e1me plnou kontrolu nad v\u0161emi t\u0159emi hodnotami.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy fotoapar\u00e1t\u016f. Princip tvorby sn\u00edmku je v\u0161ak identick\u00fd. Sv\u011btlo mus\u00ed proj\u00edt skrze optiku (objektiv) a&nbsp;n\u00e1sledn\u011b se prom\u00edtnout na z\u00e1znamov\u00e9 m\u00e9dium (nap\u0159. film, digit\u00e1ln\u00ed sn\u00edma\u010d). Fotografovanou sc\u00e9nu lze dokonce sn\u00edmat i&nbsp;bez optiky. Jak\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed mo\u017enosti nastaven\u00ed fotoapar\u00e1tu? Co vlastn\u011b p\u0159esn\u011b v&nbsp;n\u011bm prob\u00edh\u00e1, kdy\u017e zm\u00e1\u010dknete spou\u0161\u0165? Detaily prozrad\u00edme v&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":52190,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[559,18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8996","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fotolab-fotoradce","category-novinky"],"wppr_data":{"cwp_meta_box_check":"Yes","cwp_rev_product_name":"","_wppr_review_template":"default","cwp_rev_product_image":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Panasonic-S1R_big.jpg","cwp_image_link":"image","wppr_links":[],"cwp_rev_price":"","wppr_pros":["","","","","","","","","",""],"wppr_cons":["","","","","","","","","",""],"wppr_rating":"0.00","wppr_options":[],"wppr_review_type":"Product","wppr_review_custom_fields":{"additionalProperty":"","additionalType":"","aggregateRating":"","alternateName":"","audience":"","award":"","awards":"","brand":"","category":"","color":"","depth":"","description":"","disambiguatingDescription":"","gtin12":"","gtin13":"","gtin14":"","gtin8":"","height":"","identifier":"","image":"","isAccessoryOrSparePartFor":"","isConsumableFor":"","isRelatedTo":"","isSimilarTo":"","itemCondition":"","logo":"","mainEntityOfPage":"","manufacturer":"","material":"","model":"","mpn":"","name":"","offers":"","potentialAction":"","productID":"","productionDate":"","purchaseDate":"","releaseDate":"","review":"","reviews":"","sameAs":"","sku":"","slogan":"","subjectOf":"","url":"","weight":"","width":""}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8996"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8996"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8996\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":52196,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8996\/revisions\/52196"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52190"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8996"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8996"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8996"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}