{"id":4047,"date":"2021-09-26T18:48:44","date_gmt":"2021-09-26T16:48:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/?p=4047"},"modified":"2023-05-26T14:41:14","modified_gmt":"2023-05-26T12:41:14","slug":"velikost-snimace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/velikost-snimace\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 velikost sn\u00edma\u010de fotoapar\u00e1tu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Velikost sn\u00edma\u010de m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jedn\u00edm z v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch faktor\u016f ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdb\u011br fotografick\u00e9 techniky. V p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku jsme pro v\u00e1s shrnuli, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry r\u016fzn\u00e1 velikost sn\u00edma\u010de ovlivn\u00ed v\u00fdslednou fotografii, a pro\u010d je tento parametr d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e rozli\u0161en\u00ed \u010dipu v megapixelech.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"velikost_snimace_1\"<\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sn\u00edma\u010d = vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kvalita obrazu?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Velmi zjednodu\u0161en\u011b se d\u00e1 \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed bude sn\u00edma\u010d, t\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bude kvalita obrazu.<\/strong> Velk\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d toti\u017e nasb\u00edr\u00e1 d\u00edky sv\u00e9 plo\u0161e v\u00edce sv\u011btla, ne\u017e sn\u00edma\u010d mal\u00fd, a tak je obraz kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a s men\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00edm \u0161umu.<\/p>\n

Mus\u00edme si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee sn\u00edma\u010d se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z ur\u010dit\u00e9ho po\u010dtu bod\u016f citliv\u00fdch na sv\u011btlo, tzv. pixel\u016f. \u010c\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed je ka\u017ed\u00fd pixel, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed je i jeho citlivost na sv\u011btlo a informace, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u00e1l procesoru, jsou hodnotn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Ve v\u00fdsledku je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hodnoty ISO, ani\u017e by fotografie p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 trp\u011bly digit\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0161umem<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

V praxi to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee fotoapar\u00e1ty s v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm sn\u00edma\u010dem (nap\u0159. Full Frame<\/a><\/strong>) n\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout dobr\u00fdch fotek i za hor\u0161\u00edch sv\u011bteln\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n

<\/a>
<\/div><\/div>
Canon EOS R6 + RF 24-105mm IS STM<\/div>
Canon EOS R6 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jeden z nejlep\u0161\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f ost\u0159en\u00ed na trhu, je vybaven v\u00fdkon\u00fdm stabiliz\u00e1torem a v\u00fdborn\u011b se ovl\u00e1d\u00e1. V setu s objektivem 24-105mm si porad\u00ed s t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jakoukoliv fotografickou v\u00fdzvou.<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n
\n

\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9 na blogu: „Jak funguje fotoapar\u00e1t: \u010das – clona – ISO“<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n

Rozli\u0161en\u00ed versus velikost sn\u00edma\u010de<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Velikost ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jednoho pixelu souvis\u00ed s celkov\u00fdm rozli\u0161en\u00edm (tedy celkov\u00fdm po\u010dtem pixel\u016f) a velikost\u00ed sn\u00edma\u010de.<\/strong> Pokud porovn\u00e1me dva sn\u00edma\u010de, z nich\u017e jeden bude m\u00edt velikost 6 x 4 mm a druh\u00fd 24 x 36 mm (Full Frame<\/a><\/strong>) a p\u0159itom budou disponovat stejn\u00fdm rozli\u0161en\u00edm, pak je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee na v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm \u010dipu budou i jednotliv\u00e9 pixely v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed. Tento \u010dip tak poskytne (mimo jin\u00e9) i obraz s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdskytem \u0161umu.<\/p>\n

\"velikost_snimace_2\"<\/p>\n

A to je d\u016fvod, pro\u010d fotografie po\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edklad profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed zrcadlovkou Nikon D5 s rozli\u0161en\u00edm 20 Mpx budou kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e fotografie z mobiln\u00edho telefonu s rozli\u0161en\u00edm 40 Mpx, i kdy\u017e by se dle hodnoty rozli\u0161en\u00ed mohlo zd\u00e1t, \u017ee to bude naopak. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed rozli\u0161en\u00ed toti\u017e nutn\u011b neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee budete m\u00edt lep\u0161\u00ed fotografii.<\/strong> Vysok\u00e9 rozli\u0161en\u00ed na mal\u00e9 plo\u0161e sn\u00edma\u010de<\/strong> znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pixel je mal\u00fd a m\u00e1 hor\u0161\u00ed citlivost ke sv\u011btlu. Sign\u00e1l ka\u017ed\u00e9ho pixelu se tedy mus\u00ed zes\u00edlit, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 z n\u011bj dostat v\u0161echny pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 informace, a v tu chv\u00edli p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed ke slovu i znehodnocen\u00ed obrazu \u0161umem<\/strong>.
\n<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Barevnost a dynamick\u00fd rozsah<\/strong><\/h2>\n

U\u017e jsme si \u0159ekli, \u017ee velikost sn\u00edma\u010de p\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uje mno\u017estv\u00ed \u0161umu. Je to ale v\u0161echno? Asi jste to tu\u0161ili – zdaleka ne.<\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161\u00edm sn\u00edma\u010dem z\u00edsk\u00e1me tak\u00e9 lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esnost barev<\/strong> i p\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch hodnot\u00e1ch ISO. Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhodou je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed dynamick\u00fd rozsah <\/strong>– tedy v\u00edce detail\u016f a v\u00edce kresby ve st\u00ednech a jasech.<\/p>\n

Hloubka ostrosti<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ale krom\u011b toho existuje je\u0161t\u011b jedna velice z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdhoda velk\u00fdch sn\u00edma\u010d\u016f – v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sn\u00edma\u010d = men\u0161\u00ed hloubka ostrosti<\/strong>, tedy v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed prostor pro kreativn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed efektu rozost\u0159en\u00e9ho pozad\u00ed. Jin\u00fdmi slovy – u fotoapar\u00e1tu s men\u0161\u00edm sn\u00edma\u010dem v\u017edy budete pot\u0159ebovat sv\u011bteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed objektiv pro dosa\u017een\u00ed stejn\u011b mal\u00e9 hloubky ostrosti jako u v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho sn\u00edma\u010de.<\/p>\n

\"Vliv<\/a><\/p>\n

David Bu\u010dek:
\nRozmazan\u00e9 pozad\u00ed (bokeh) je obrovskou v\u00fdhodou fotoapar\u00e1t\u016f s v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm sn\u00edma\u010dem oproti mobiln\u00edm telefon\u016fm. Nap\u0159. u portr\u00e9t\u016f focen\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk mnohem l\u00e9pe vynikne a fotografie z\u00edsk\u00e1 celkov\u011b profesion\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vzhled.<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9 na blogu: Jak vybrat objektiv pro fotoapar\u00e1t <\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n

U klasick\u00e9ho kompaktn\u00edho fotoapar\u00e1tu<\/strong><\/a> nebo mobiln\u00edho telefonu, kde je pou\u017eit mal\u00fd sn\u00edma\u010d, je tak\u0159ka nemo\u017en\u00e9 ud\u011blat fotografii s rozost\u0159en\u00fdm pozad\u00edm. D\u00e1 se \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee je vlastn\u011b jedno, na co \u010dlov\u011bk p\u0159i po\u0159izov\u00e1n\u00ed fotografie zaost\u0159il a jakou pou\u017eije clonu, proto\u017ee fotografie bude ostr\u00e1 v (t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159) cel\u00e9 rovin\u011b.<\/p>\n

<\/a>
<\/div><\/div>
Sony Cyber-shot DSC-HX90<\/div>
Zachy\u0165te nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed okam\u017eiky va\u0161eho \u017eivota s nejmen\u0161\u00edm digit\u00e1ln\u00edm fotoapar\u00e1tem na sv\u011bt\u011b disponuj\u00edc\u00edm objektivem s 30x optick\u00fdm zoomem vyvinut\u00fdm speci\u00e1ln\u011b na m\u00edru v\u00fdkonn\u00e9mu BSI-CMOS sn\u00edma\u010di.<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n

Kompaktn\u00ed fotoapar\u00e1ty na e-shopu<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

L\u00edbiv\u00e9ho portr\u00e9tu s rozost\u0159en\u00fdm pozad\u00edm (tzv. bokeh) doc\u00edl\u00edte fotoapar\u00e1tem se sn\u00edma\u010dem o velikosti minim\u00e1ln\u011b 1\/1,7″ a p\u0159i nastaven\u00ed co nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edch clonov\u00fdch \u010d\u00edsel. Pom\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed del\u0161\u00edho ohniska a co nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti od subjektu.<\/p>\n

Velikost fotoapar\u00e1tu<\/h2>\n

Velikost sn\u00edma\u010de tak\u00e9 ur\u010duje velikost fotoapar\u00e1tu<\/a> i objektiv\u016f<\/a><\/strong>. Pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sn\u00edma\u010d je pot\u0159eba v\u00edce m\u00edsta a tak je logicky v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed i t\u011blo fotoapar\u00e1tu. Nov\u00e9 CSC fotoapar\u00e1ty<\/strong><\/a> (bezzrcadlovky<\/a><\/strong>) v\u0161ak d\u00edky \u00fapln\u00e9 absenci zrcadlov\u00e9ho mechanismu dosahuj\u00ed men\u0161\u00edch rozm\u011br\u016f ne\u017e zrcadlovky se stejn\u011b velk\u00fdm sn\u00edma\u010dem.<\/p>\n

\n\t<\/a>\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\tSony Alpha A7 Mark III\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\tFull-framov\u00fd model \u03b17 III poskytne v\u00fdkon, p\u0159esnost a flexibilitu, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed zachycovat jedine\u010dn\u00e9 okam\u017eiky tak, jak si p\u0159ejete.\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
<\/a>
\"\"<\/div><\/div>
Panasonic Lumix DC-S1R t\u011blo<\/div>
LUMIX S1R je jeden z dvojice nov\u00fdch fullframe bezzrcadlovek Panasonic. Nab\u00edz\u00ed sn\u00edma\u010d s rozli\u0161en\u00edm 47,3 MPix a re\u017eim Super vysok\u00e9ho rozli\u0161en\u00ed a\u017e 187 MP<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n

Full-frame bezzrcadlovky<\/strong><\/p>\n

Od velikosti sn\u00edma\u010de se odv\u00edj\u00ed tak\u00e9 velikost objektivu<\/strong> – na \u010d\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed plochu mus\u00ed objektiv obraz prom\u00edtat, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt jeho optick\u00e9 \u010dleny a tud\u00ed\u017e i konstrukce. V tomto ohledu zkr\u00e1tka z\u00e1kony fyziky neo\u0161\u00e1l\u00edme a i kdy\u017e dnes Full Frame sn\u00edma\u010d najdeme i v relativn\u011b mal\u00fdch fotoapar\u00e1tech, jako je nap\u0159. Sony A7 III<\/strong><\/a>, toto\u017en\u00fd objektiv (stejn\u00e1 ohniskov\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost i sv\u011btelnost) bude podobn\u011b velk\u00fd jako ten pro full-frame zrcadlovky<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 velikosti sn\u00edma\u010d\u016f, jak se zna\u010d\u00ed a v jak\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u00edch je lze naj\u00edt:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"velikost_snimace\"
\nS velikost\u00ed sn\u00edma\u010de se i \u00fazce poj\u00ed tzv. crop factor<\/strong> neboli „ekvivalentn\u00ed ohniskov\u00e1 vz\u00e1lenost<\/strong>„. Ten je vyj\u00e1d\u0159en hodnotou, pomoc\u00ed kter\u00e9 lze porovn\u00e1vat ohniskovou vzd\u00e1lenost pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 velikosti sn\u00edma\u010de. Umo\u017e\u0148uje snadno vypo\u010d\u00edtat ohniskovou vzd\u00e1lenost, jakou by m\u011bl objektiv se stejn\u00fdm zorn\u00fdm \u00fahlem na 35mm (Full Frame) fotoapar\u00e1tu. Nap\u0159. u APS-C sn\u00edma\u010d\u016f je crop faktor 1,5x. M\u00e1me-li tedy na APS-C fotoapar\u00e1tu 50mm objektiv, nab\u00edz\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u00fd \u00fahel z\u00e1b\u011bru jako 75mm objektiv na Full Frame (35mm) fotoapar\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n

Nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed velikosti \u010dipu a jejich crop factor najdete v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed tabulce.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t
Typ sn\u00edma\u010de<\/strong><\/th>Crop factor<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\"Palcov\u00fd\" 1\"<\/td>2,7x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M4\/3<\/td>2x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Canon APS-C<\/td>1,6x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ostatn\u00ed APS-C<\/td>1,5x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Full-frame<\/td>1x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n

Existuj\u00ed samoz\u0159ejm\u011b i sn\u00edma\u010de men\u0161\u00ed nebo naopak v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e full-frame. Ty se ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako st\u0159edoform\u00e1tov\u00e9 fotoapar\u00e1ty. Dynamick\u00fdm rozsahem, barevn\u00fdm pod\u00e1n\u00edm a zachycen\u00fdmi detaily zdaleka p\u0159esahuj\u00ed i cen\u011bn\u00e9 Full Frame sn\u00edma\u010de. Jejich rozli\u0161en\u00ed nav\u00edc \u010dasto p\u0159esahuje 50 Mpx a v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 fotky tak lze pou\u017e\u00edt i pro tisky ob\u0159\u00edch rozm\u011br\u016f. Jejich cena je v\u0161ak velmi vysok\u00e1 – za samotn\u00e9 t\u011blo zaplat\u00edte \u0159\u00e1dov\u011b p\u0159es 200 tis\u00edc K\u010d.<\/p>\n

TIP: Fotoapar\u00e1t DSLR<\/a><\/strong> nebo syst\u00e9mov\u00fd fotoapar\u00e1t<\/a> – tzv. bezzrcadlovka <\/a><\/strong>m\u016f\u017eete vybavit r\u016fzn\u00fdmi objektivy<\/a>. Kvalitn\u00ed fototechniku najdete na e-shopu<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Autor \u010dl\u00e1nku: Marcel Ja\u0161ek, prodejna FOTOLAB Zl\u00edn<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Velikost sn\u00edma\u010de m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jedn\u00edm z v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch faktor\u016f ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdb\u011br fotografick\u00e9 techniky. V p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku jsme pro v\u00e1s shrnuli, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry r\u016fzn\u00e1 velikost sn\u00edma\u010de ovlivn\u00ed v\u00fdslednou fotografii, a pro\u010d je tento parametr d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e rozli\u0161en\u00ed \u010dipu v megapixelech.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":45532,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,559,18],"tags":[774,772,449,773,771,770],"class_list":["post-4047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-digitalni-fotoaparaty","category-fotolab-fotoradce","category-novinky","tag-aps-c","tag-crop-faktor","tag-full-frame","tag-prepocet-ohniskovych-vzdalenosti","tag-velikost-cipu-fotoaparatu","tag-velikost-snimace"],"wppr_data":{"cwp_meta_box_check":"No","cwp_rev_product_name":"","cwp_rev_product_image":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/velikost_snimace_titulka_2.jpg","cwp_image_link":"image","cwp_rev_price":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4047"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4047"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4047\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":51219,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4047\/revisions\/51219"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/45532"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4047"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4047"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4047"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}