{"id":39298,"date":"2021-01-08T09:42:00","date_gmt":"2021-01-08T08:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/?p=39298"},"modified":"2021-01-08T09:51:15","modified_gmt":"2021-01-08T08:51:15","slug":"buffer-neboli-vyrovnavaci-pamet-digitalniho-fotoaparatu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/buffer-neboli-vyrovnavaci-pamet-digitalniho-fotoaparatu\/","title":{"rendered":"Buffer neboli vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165 digit\u00e1ln\u00edho fotoapar\u00e1tu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165, slangov\u011b se j\u00ed \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 buffer, je v digit\u00e1ln\u00edm fotoapar\u00e1tu d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd hardwarov\u00fd prvek, kter\u00fd ve spolupr\u00e1ci se softwarovou v\u00fdbavou dok\u00e1\u017ee z\u00e1sadn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem ovlivnit fungov\u00e1n\u00ed cel\u00e9ho fotoapar\u00e1tu. Pokud je mal\u00fd, m\u016f\u017ee se snadno st\u00e1t, \u017ee p\u0159i focen\u00ed sn\u00edmk\u016f v s\u00e9rii dojde k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rychlosti sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed. Detaily k cel\u00e9 problematice v \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

\u00davod, aneb co to je a k\u00a0\u010demu slou\u017e\u00ed<\/h2>\r\n

V n\u011bkter\u00fdch fotografick\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1nrech m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt velikost (kapacita) vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011bti jedna z rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed<\/strong>. \u0158e\u010d je pochopiteln\u011b nap\u0159. o sportovn\u00ed fotce, report\u00e1\u017ei i fotografii divok\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at. Prost\u011b v\u0161ude tam, kde pot\u0159ebujete \u201esypat\u201c 10 obr\u00e1zk\u016f za sekundu i deset sekund v jednom kuse a po\u0159izovat tak s\u00e9rie 40, 50 i 100 a v\u00edce sn\u00edmk\u016f<\/strong>. Odborn\u011b tehdy, kdy\u017e je rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed rychlost s\u00e9riov\u00e9ho sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed a velmi rychl\u00e9 ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00fdch objem\u016f dat. A jak u\u017e to v reklamn\u011b \u010dasto b\u00fdv\u00e1, tento parametr na billboardech v\u00fdrobc\u016f nenajdete. Zkr\u00e1tka to vypad\u00e1, \u017ee velikost bufferu nen\u00ed zdaleka tak \u201esexy\u201c vlastnost, jako je celkov\u00e9 rozli\u0161en\u00ed sn\u00edma\u010de v megapixelech, vysok\u00e1 citlivost ISO, po\u010det sn\u00edmk\u016f za sekundu, mno\u017estv\u00ed zaost\u0159ovac\u00edch AF bod\u016f, modern\u00ed design a neodolateln\u00e1 cena.<\/p>\r\n

\"Canon<\/a>
Canon EOS R6 m\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed parametry vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011bti (ulo\u017e\u00ed najednou p\u0159es 1000 JPG fotografi\u00ed a 240 RAW verz\u00ed)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n

Jak ji vyu\u017e\u00edt a na \u010dem je\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed<\/h2>\r\n

Vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165 slou\u017e\u00ed vlastn\u011b jako takov\u00fd mezisklad z\u00edskan\u00fdch dat (po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch fotografi\u00ed)<\/strong>. Sn\u00edmky, pot\u00e9 co je sn\u00edma\u010d fotoapar\u00e1tu zachytil, jsou sejmuty v\u00a0podob\u011b bin\u00e1rn\u00edho k\u00f3du, bleskurychle odesl\u00e1ny ke zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0procesoru fotoapar\u00e1tu a n\u00e1sledn\u011b ulo\u017eeny ji\u017e jako digit\u00e1ln\u00ed fotografie (p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b jako RAW data dopln\u011bn\u00e1 o EXIF a mal\u00fd JPG n\u00e1hled) na pam\u011b\u0165ovou kartu. Na t\u00e9to cest\u011b je buffer, onen mezisklad, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje rychle sn\u00edmat dal\u0161\u00ed obr\u00e1zky. Tento rezervo\u00e1r je, dalo by se \u0159\u00edct, pr\u016ftokov\u00fd, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee do n\u011bho lze z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159id\u00e1vat dal\u0161\u00ed fotky a z\u00e1rove\u0148 odes\u00edlat ty zpracovan\u00e9 k\u00a0ulo\u017een\u00ed na pam\u011b\u0165ovou kartu. Ale to m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 meze. Hlavn\u00edm limitn\u00edm parametrem je kapacita bufferu a rychlost p\u0159enosu dat, zejm\u00e9na rychlost jejich z\u00e1pisu na kartu<\/strong>. Data se chovaj\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u011b jako voda v\u00a0pr\u016ftokov\u00e9 n\u00e1dob\u011b. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee rychlost \u201ep\u0159\u00edtoku\u201c dat p\u0159es\u00e1hne rychlost jejich odes\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed na kartu (odtoku), vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165 se pln\u00ed a\u017e do jej\u00edho \u00fapln\u00e9ho napln\u011bn\u00ed. Rozeznat tento moment nen\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 a vysv\u011btl\u00edme si ho v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edm odstavci. \"\"<\/a><\/p>\r\n

\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9 na blogu: Jak vybrat pam\u011b\u0165ovou kartu?<\/a><\/strong><\/blockquote>\r\n

\u0158ekli jsme si, \u017ee hlavn\u00edmi parametry, kter\u00e9 proces ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed, jsou kapacita bufferu a rychlost z\u00e1pisu dat. Nejsou to ale parametry jedin\u00e9. Velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je objem dat, kter\u00fd pot\u0159ebujeme transportovat a \u010dasov\u00fd \u00fasek, ve kter\u00e9m je to nutno operaci prov\u00e9st<\/strong>. Rychlost p\u0159enosu\/z\u00e1pisu\/\u010dten\u00ed dat se ne n\u00e1hodou ud\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00a0MB za sekundu. Tento parametr m\u00e1 jak dan\u00fd fotoapar\u00e1t (jeho vnit\u0159n\u00ed architektura, sn\u00edma\u010d, procesor, vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165) tak ka\u017ed\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e1 karta, ale taky nap\u0159. \u010dte\u010dky karet. Pozor, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdrobci karet ud\u00e1vaj\u00ed rychlost v\u00a0podob\u011b n\u00e1sobku hodnoty 0,15 MB (co\u017e je p\u0159evzato z\u00a0optick\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed). Tak\u017ee nap\u0159. \u00fadaj 600x znamen\u00e1 p\u0159enos rychlost\u00ed 90 MB za sekundu (600 x 0,15 = 90). Z\u00a0popsan\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed jak na celkov\u00e9 velikosti bal\u00edku p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdch dat a taky rychlosti pou\u017eit\u00e9 karty. Pr\u00e1v\u011b pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e1 karta, respektive rychlost z\u00e1pisu na ni, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt t\u00edm pomysln\u00fdm \u00fazk\u00fdm hrdlem, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s bude p\u0159i fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed omezovat a brzdit<\/strong>. Velikost p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdch dat z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na rozli\u0161en\u00ed va\u0161eho digit\u00e1ln\u00edho fotoapar\u00e1tu, zvolen\u00e9m form\u00e1tu sn\u00edmku (JPEG, RAW, JPEG + RAW), typu a velikosti RAW (small\/large, bitov\u00e1 hloubka 12 bit\/14 bit, komprimovan\u00fd\/bezztr\u00e1tov\u011b komprimovan\u00fd\/nekomprimovan\u00fd) velikosti sn\u00edmku v\u00a0bodech (ozna\u010den\u00ed nap\u0159. L, N, S) a taky na kompresn\u00edm pom\u011bru (nap\u0159. fine, normal, basic) v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed do JPEG. Velmi z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed tak\u00e9 na rychlosti s\u00e9riov\u00e9ho sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed. Pokud v\u00e1\u0161 fotoapar\u00e1t um\u00ed 10 sn\u00edmk\u016f za sekundu a jedna fotka m\u00e1 velikost nap\u0159. 25 MB je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee syst\u00e9mem mus\u00ed ka\u017edou vte\u0159inu \u201eprolet\u011bt\u201c minim\u00e1ln\u011b 250 MB dat<\/strong>. Pokud v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pou\u017eijete pam\u011b\u0165ovou kartu se z\u00e1pisem zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch 90 MB\/s, je zapln\u011bn\u00ed, i slu\u0161n\u011b velk\u00e9ho bufferu, ot\u00e1zkou n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo okam\u017eik\u016f.<\/p>\r\n

\"Sony<\/a>
Vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165 Sony A7 III (177 JPG a 89 RAW soubor\u016f) je pln\u011b dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed pro v\u011bt\u0161inu \u017e\u00e1nr\u016f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n

Typick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje p\u0159i p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\r\n

Syst\u00e9m vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011bti, jak jsme si u\u017e \u0159ekli, lze zahltit, ve fotografick\u00e9m jazyku p\u0159eplnit buffer. Typick\u00e9 je zpomalen\u00ed, a\u017e zastaven\u00ed z\u00e1pisu sn\u00edmk\u016f na pam\u011b\u0165ovou kartu. Blik\u00e1 kontrolka p\u0159\u00edstupu na kartu a nelze po\u0159izovat dal\u0161\u00ed fotografie<\/strong>. Po ur\u010dit\u00e9 dob\u011b, \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9m vypr\u00e1zdn\u011bn\u00ed bufferu, je mo\u017eno zapsat dal\u0161\u00ed sn\u00edmky, ale s v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed sn\u00edmac\u00ed frekvenc\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161inou se poda\u0159\u00ed po kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 pauze \u201ep\u0159ihodit\u201c dva sn\u00edmky a v\u0161e se zase znovu zastav\u00ed a situace se opakuje. Pro kompletn\u00ed z\u00e1pis a vypr\u00e1zdn\u011bn\u00ed bufferu bude v takov\u00e9 situaci pot\u0159eba n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek sekund a\u017e minut. Je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9, kdy\u017e jste uprost\u0159ed akce a nem\u016f\u017eete fotografovat, sv\u011bt kolem se nezastavil, perfektn\u00ed sn\u00edmky v\u00e1m ut\u00edkaj\u00ed p\u0159ed o\u010dima. Co s t\u00edm, jak z toho ven?<\/strong> Pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9, vlo\u017ete kartu s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed rychlost\u00ed z\u00e1pisu, a\u0165 v\u00e1s p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b v akci omezuj\u00ed pouze va\u0161e schopnosti (pohotovost, rychlost reakce, p\u0159edv\u00eddavost) a technick\u00e9 limity t\u011bla fotoapar\u00e1tu, ne p\u00e1r u\u0161et\u0159en\u00fdch stokorun. Zvolte s\u00e9riov\u00e9 sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed s ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed rychlost\u00ed sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed, t\u0159eba 5 a ne 10 sn\u00edmk\u016f za sekundu. Fotografujte do men\u0161\u00edho nebo komprimovan\u00e9ho form\u00e1tu RAW nebo jen do JPEGu. Pokud jste v akci, fot\u00edte jen do form\u00e1tu JPEG a v\u00e1\u0161 buffer st\u00e1le nest\u00edh\u00e1, nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 ne\u017e zvolit men\u0161\u00ed velikost sn\u00edmku a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kompresi dat. P\u0159in\u00e9st z akce fotografie, by\u0165 mo\u017en\u00e1 v o n\u011bco ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed kvalit\u011b ne\u017e minule, je pro m\u011b osobn\u011b ot\u00e1zkou fotografick\u00e9 cti. V\u011b\u0159te mi, \u017ee kdy\u017e se v\u00e1m poda\u0159\u00ed zachytit perfektn\u00ed moment a ud\u011blat neopakovateln\u00fd sportovn\u00ed sn\u00edmek, nebude v\u00e1s tolik mrzet, \u017ee \u201eto\u201c nem\u00e1te v RAWu. Ale pokud s fotoapar\u00e1tem, p\u0159epnut\u00fdm do velk\u00e9ho, 14bitov\u00e9ho a nekomprimovan\u00e9ho RAW form\u00e1tu, sn\u00edmek v\u016fbec neud\u011bl\u00e1te, proto\u017ee se zrovna na\u010d\u00edtali data, bude v\u00e1s to mrzet mo\u017en\u00e1 a\u017e do konce \u017eivota.<\/p>\r\n

\"Olympus<\/a>
Olympus OM-D E-M1 Mark III tak\u00e9 disponuje bufferem, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s v drtiv\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f nenech\u00e1 na holi\u010dk\u00e1ch (76 JPG, 96 RAW)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n

Z\u00e1v\u011brem, aneb koho to vlastn\u011b zaj\u00edm\u00e1<\/h2>\r\n

A te\u010f to mo\u017en\u00e1 nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, na fotografick\u00e9m trhu neexistuje mo\u017enost zvolit si ide\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdbavu pro v\u00e1\u0161 fotoapar\u00e1t tak, jak to zn\u00e1 t\u0159eba automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl. Mysl\u00edm t\u00edm to, \u017ee pokud je pro v\u00e1s d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd motor s\u00a0vysok\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem, o\u017eel\u00edte t\u0159eba velk\u00fd kufr, ta\u017en\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a otv\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00e1t\u00fdch dve\u0159\u00ed gestem nohou pod n\u00e1razn\u00edkem. A jin\u00fd z\u00e1kazn\u00edk bude zase cht\u00edt ur\u010dit\u011b kombi, st\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed nosi\u010d, rychloup\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011btsk\u00fdch seda\u010dek a \u00fasporn\u00fd motor o objemu maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 1,3 litru. Dal\u0161\u00ed p\u016fjde po SUV s\u00a0pohonem 4×4 a dal\u0161\u00ed si vybere hybridn\u00ed verzi. No nech sa p\u00e1\u010di, jak by \u0159ekl kolega ze Slovenska. Pokud fotografujete krajinu, produktovou fotku, architekturu, makro, j\u00eddlo, portr\u00e9ty v\u00a0ateli\u00e9ru i mimo n\u011bj. Pokud v\u00e1s bav\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 dovolenkov\u00e1 a cestovatelsk\u00e1 fotka, focen\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed, dom\u00e1c\u00edch mazl\u00ed\u010dk\u016f, ale i obl\u00edben\u00e1 street fotka (pouli\u010dn\u00ed report\u00e1\u017e), trouf\u00e1m si \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee v\u00e1s velikost vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011bti nebude nikdy zaj\u00edmat. Prost\u011b v\u00e1m bude v\u017edycky sta\u010dit. Pokud ale fot\u00edte sportovn\u00ed ud\u00e1losti, divok\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata, report\u00e1\u017ee, svatby, m\u00f3dn\u00ed p\u0159ehl\u00eddky a t\u0159eba rockov\u00e9 koncerty, dobr\u00e1 rada zn\u00ed takto, v\u011bnujte tomuto parametru zv\u00fd\u0161enou pozornost. Nem\u00e1m toti\u017e v\u016fbec r\u00e1d ten pocit, kdy\u017e v\u00edm, \u017ee bych to ur\u010dit\u011b dok\u00e1zal vyfotit, ale technika m\u011b zabrzdila. A kde tyto pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 \u00fadaje najdu? Pochopiteln\u011b v\u00a0technick\u00fdch parametrech. Hledejte velikost vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011bti v\u00a0MB, nebo \u00fadaje o tom, kolik sn\u00edmk\u016f za sekundu um\u00ed vybran\u00fd fotoapar\u00e1t po\u0159\u00eddit a kolik, a v\u00a0jak\u00e9 kvalit\u011b, jich dok\u00e1\u017ee nasn\u00edmat v\u00a0jedn\u00e9 s\u00e9rii. Dobr\u00e9 sv\u011btlo Michael Mike Jur\u00e1k.<\/p>\r\n

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\"Michael<\/a><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

P\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek pro v\u00e1s p\u0159ipravil <\/strong>MICHAEL JUR\u00c1K<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

CEWE FOTOLAB produktov\u00fd specialista a expert na fototechniku <\/strong>Krom\u011b milovan\u00e9ho fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1m r\u00e1d p\u0159\u00edrodu, hory, lesy, ryba\u0159en\u00ed. P\u0159es l\u00e9to jezd\u00edm nejrad\u011bji na horsk\u00e9m kole a\u00a0v\u00a0zim\u011b na snowboardu, r\u00e1d se i projedu na motorce. Focen\u00ed nen\u00ed pro m\u011b jen kon\u00ed\u010dek, ale d\u00e1 se \u0159\u00edci posedlost.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165, slangov\u011b se j\u00ed \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 buffer, je v digit\u00e1ln\u00edm fotoapar\u00e1tu d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd hardwarov\u00fd prvek, kter\u00fd ve spolupr\u00e1ci se softwarovou v\u00fdbavou dok\u00e1\u017ee z\u00e1sadn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem ovlivnit fungov\u00e1n\u00ed cel\u00e9ho fotoapar\u00e1tu. Pokud je mal\u00fd, m\u016f\u017ee se snadno st\u00e1t, \u017ee p\u0159i focen\u00ed sn\u00edmk\u016f v s\u00e9rii dojde k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rychlosti sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed. Detaily k cel\u00e9 problematice v \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":268,"featured_media":30561,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[559,18],"tags":[1766,1317,402],"class_list":["post-39298","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fotolab-fotoradce","category-novinky","tag-buffer","tag-pamet","tag-pametove-karty"],"wppr_data":{"cwp_meta_box_check":"No"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39298"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/268"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39298"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39298\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39327,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39298\/revisions\/39327"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30561"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39298"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39298"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}