{"id":35490,"date":"2020-09-03T11:41:53","date_gmt":"2020-09-03T09:41:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/?p=35490"},"modified":"2024-09-04T14:30:53","modified_gmt":"2024-09-04T12:30:53","slug":"historie-fotografie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/historie-fotografie\/","title":{"rendered":"Historie fotografie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>D\u00edky vyn\u00e1lezu fotografie, kter\u00fd si pro\u0161el dlouholet\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem, m\u016f\u017eeme na\u0161e vzpom\u00ednky nejen zachytit, ale i&nbsp;<strong>v podob\u011b fotografie<\/strong> <strong>zachovat<\/strong><\/strong> <strong>a t\u011b\u0161it se z&nbsp;nich ka\u017ed\u00fd den.CEWE FOTOLAB slav\u00ed tento rok u\u017e \u00factyhodn\u00fdch 30 let od sv\u00e9ho zalo\u017een\u00ed, vyrobili jsme mili\u00f3ny fotek, fotoknih, fotod\u00e1rk\u016f a&nbsp;dal\u0161\u00edch fotoprodukt\u016f&#8230; <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prvn\u00ed kr\u016f\u010dky k&nbsp;zachycen\u00ed obrazu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Slovo \u201efotografie\u201c poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze dvou \u0159eck\u00fdch slov: f\u014dtos a&nbsp;graf\u00e9, co\u017e v&nbsp;podstat\u011b znamen\u00e1 &#8222;kreslen\u00ed sv\u011btlem&#8220;.<\/strong> \u00dapln\u011b prvn\u00ed kr\u016f\u010dky fotografie objevil <strong>\u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd filosof<\/strong> <strong>Mocius<\/strong> (470\u2013391 p\u0159.n.l.) ve starov\u011bk\u00e9 \u010c\u00edn\u011b, kdy\u017e za\u010dal rozv\u00edjet v\u011bdeck\u00e9 <strong>principy optiky a&nbsp;camery obcsury.<\/strong> Camera obscura se d\u00e1 z&nbsp;latiny p\u0159elo\u017eit jako&#8220;temn\u00e1 komora&#8220;. Jedn\u00e1 se o&nbsp;objekt s&nbsp;otvorem, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje sv\u011btlu proch\u00e1zet skrz a&nbsp;t\u00edm na prot\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stran\u011b vznik\u00e1 p\u0159evr\u00e1cen\u00fd obraz. Camera Obscura um\u011bla obraz vykreslit, ale ne jej zachytit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/GettyImages-6991001251-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-35859\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/GettyImages-6991001251-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/GettyImages-6991001251-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/GettyImages-6991001251-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/GettyImages-6991001251-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/GettyImages-6991001251-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/GettyImages-6991001251-370x278.jpg 370w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/GettyImages-6991001251-270x203.jpg 270w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/GettyImages-6991001251-740x555.jpg 740w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/GettyImages-6991001251-80x60.jpg 80w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>P<strong>rincip Camery obscury byl pops\u00e1n i&nbsp;Aristotelem<\/strong> (\u0159eck\u00fd filozof) a&nbsp;<strong>Euklidem<\/strong> (\u0159eck\u00fd matematik a&nbsp;geometr). Pozd\u011bji se o&nbsp;<strong>came\u0159e obscu\u0159e<\/strong> zmi\u0148uje i&nbsp;<strong>Leonardo da Vinci<\/strong>, kter\u00fd ji popisuje ve sv\u00fdch d\u00edlech a&nbsp;dlouho se myslelo, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b on je jej\u00ed vyn\u00e1lezce.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historie fotografie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cesta k&nbsp;podob\u011b fotografie, jak j\u00ed zn\u00e1me dnes, byla dlouh\u00e1<\/strong> a&nbsp;pokus\u016f o&nbsp;to, jak obraz zachytit a&nbsp;hlavn\u011b zachovat, bylo u\u010din\u011bno spoustu. Velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed z&nbsp;nich bylo ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch, ale ka\u017ed\u00fd jednotliv\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch byl dal\u0161\u00edm krokem ke kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu, rychlej\u0161\u00edmu a&nbsp;hlavn\u011b trvalej\u0161\u00edmu fotoobrazu&#8230; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>470\u2013391 p\u0159.n.l.<\/strong> &#8211; <strong>\u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd filosof<\/strong> <strong>Mocius<\/strong> ve starov\u011bk\u00e9 \u010c\u00edn\u011b, kdy\u017e za\u010dal rozv\u00edjet v\u011bdeck\u00e9 <strong>principy optiky a&nbsp;camery obcsury<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>350 let p\u0159.n.l. <\/strong>&#8211; <strong>Aristoteles<\/strong> popsal ve sv\u00e9m d\u00edle<strong> princip camery obscury<\/strong><\/li><li>1<strong>822 <\/strong>&#8211; byla vytvo\u0159ena prvn\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e1 fotografie francouzsk\u00fdm vyn\u00e1lezcem <strong> Ni\u00e9pcem<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 byla p\u0159i pokusech o&nbsp;vyhotoven\u00ed tisku bohu\u017eel zni\u010dena<\/li><li><strong>1825<\/strong> &#8211;  vtomto roce byl <strong>Ni\u00e9pce<\/strong> znovu \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd. Vytvo\u0159il heliografickou kopii rytiny chlapce, kter\u00fd vede kon\u011b. Roku 2002 byla objevena a&nbsp;je v&nbsp;sou\u010dasnosti pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nejstar\u0161\u00ed dochovan\u00fd sn\u00edmek. P\u0159esto je v\u0161ak <strong>mnohem zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed <\/strong>jeho fotografie <strong>Pohled z&nbsp;okna na dv\u016fr z&nbsp;roku 1826<\/strong>, kterou exponoval dlouh\u00fdch 8 hodin<\/li><li><strong>1827<\/strong> &#8211; <strong>Daguerre <\/strong>vyu\u017e\u00edval jako citliv\u00e9 vrstvy pro zachycen\u00ed obrazu jodit st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fd (AgI), ale obraz nedovedl ust\u00e1lit<\/li><li><strong>1839 &#8211; Daguerre <\/strong>vypracova<strong>l postup zachycen\u00ed obrazu vykreslen\u00e9ho camerou obscurou na m\u011b\u010fen\u00fdch desk\u00e1ch<\/strong> pot\u0159en\u00fdch vrstvou AgI, kter\u00fd vyvol\u00e1val rtu\u0165ov\u00fdmi parami a&nbsp;ustaloval roztokem chloridu sodn\u00e9ho &#8211; <strong>Daguerrotypie<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>1840 &#8211; Talbot <\/strong>z\u00edskal patent na <strong>talpotipii<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148ovala z&nbsp;pap\u00edrov\u00e9ho negativu vyrobit libovoln\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed pozitivu<\/li><li><strong>1858<\/strong> &#8211; francouzsk\u00fd <strong>fotograf Nadar <\/strong>po\u0159\u00edil prvn\u00ed leteckou fotografii z&nbsp;upevn\u011bn\u00e9ho bal\u00f3nu<\/li><li><strong>1884<\/strong> &#8211; vyrobil George Eastman <strong>prvn\u00ed fotografick\u00fd film<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>1887 &#8211; <\/strong>za\u010dala v\u00fdroba<strong> celuloidov\u00e9ho podkladu<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>I\u00a0po zbytek 19.&nbsp;stolet\u00ed byla u\u010din\u011bna spousta zlep\u0161en\u00ed ve fotografick\u00fdch sklen\u011bn\u00fdch desk\u00e1ch a&nbsp;tisku. <strong>Gabriel Lippman v\u00a0roce 1891 p\u0159edstavil proces pro v\u00fdrobu fotografi\u00ed v\u00a0p\u0159irozen\u00fdch barv\u00e1ch<\/strong>, kter\u00fd byl zalo\u017een na optick\u00e9m fenom\u00e9nu interference sv\u011bteln\u00fdch vln. Jeho vyn\u00e1lez sice nebyl praktick\u00fd, ale z\u00a0v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho hlediska <strong>byl natolik d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd<\/strong>, \u017ee za n\u011bj Lippman obdr\u017eel v\u00a0roce <strong>1908 Nobelovu cenu za fyziku.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sklen\u011bn\u00e9 fotografick\u00e9 desky byly od 50.let 19.stolet\u00ed nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edm m\u00e9diem ve fotografii. <\/strong>Z\u016fstaly j\u00edm a\u017e do 90.&nbsp;let 19.&nbsp;stolet\u00ed, proto\u017ee d\u00edky lep\u0161\u00ed schopnosti zachov\u00e1n\u00ed rozm\u011br\u016f skla se <strong>pou\u017e\u00edvaly k\u00a0v\u011bdeck\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm, nap\u0159\u00edklad v&nbsp;astrofotografii.<\/strong>\u00a0Je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a090.&nbsp;letech 20.&nbsp;stolet\u00ed a&nbsp;v\u00a0\u00fazce specializovan\u00e9m oboru laserov\u00e9 holografie si<strong> zachovaly sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto je\u0161t\u011b po roce 2010.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kinofilm i&nbsp;svitek jsou na sv\u011bt\u011b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>V&nbsp;roce 1888 uvedla firma Kodak prvn\u00ed filmov\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/eshop\/\">fotoapar\u00e1t<\/a><\/strong> na svitkov\u00fd film a&nbsp;o&nbsp;rok pozd\u011bji vznikl prvn\u00ed plastov\u00fd film. S&nbsp;rozvojem celuloidov\u00fdch film\u016f byl polo\u017een z\u00e1klad pro fotografick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl \u2014 <strong>za\u010dala v\u00fdroba kinofilm\u016f (24&nbsp;\u00d7&nbsp;36&nbsp;mm) a&nbsp;svitkov\u00fdch film\u016f.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/DSCF3376_1-scaled-e1597646505439.jpg\" alt=\"analog, film, negativ\" class=\"wp-image-35276\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>1925<\/strong> &#8211; po\u010d\u00e1tek v\u00fdroby <strong>prvn\u00edch kinofilmov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f zna\u010dky Leica &#8211;<\/strong> fotop\u0159\u00edstroj s&nbsp;d\u00e1lkom\u011brem. Dodnes jedny z&nbsp;nejdra\u017e\u0161\u00edch fotoapar\u00e1t\u016f<\/li><li><strong>1969<\/strong> &#8211; vyna\u00e1lez <strong>CCD \u010dip<\/strong> (Williard Boyle a&nbsp;George E.Smith)<\/li><li><strong>1975 <\/strong>&#8211; prvn\u00ed prototyp p\u0159enosn\u00e9ho digit\u00e1ln\u00edho fotoapar\u00e1tu vyvinul Steve Sasson, in\u017een\u00fdr firmy\u00a0Kodak. M\u011bl \u010dernob\u00edl\u00fd CCD \u010dip s&nbsp;rozli\u0161en\u00edm 0,01 megapixel<\/li><li><strong>1990 &#8211; zalo\u017een\u00ed spole\u010dnosti <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/\">FOTOLAB<\/a><\/strong><\/li><li><strong>1996<\/strong> &#8211; byl zaveden <strong>APS syst\u00e9m<\/strong>, kter\u00fd m\u011bl rozm\u011br 17 x&nbsp;30 mm<\/li><li><strong>2000 <\/strong>&#8211; byla dokon\u010dena v\u00fdstavba v&nbsp;tu dobu <strong>nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed fotografick\u00e9 laborato\u0159e<\/strong> na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed fotografi\u00ed<\/li><li><strong>2000<\/strong> &#8211; prvn\u00ed fotoapar\u00e1t v&nbsp;mobiln\u00edm telefonu J-Phone<\/li><li><strong>2001<\/strong> &#8211; za\u010dal masov\u00fd prodej digit\u00e1ln\u00edch fotoapar\u00e1t\u016f<\/li><li><strong>2005 <\/strong>&#8211; <strong>vznik CEWE FOTOKNIHY<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>2006<\/strong>&#8211; firma Dalsa vyvinula <strong>111 megapixelov\u00fd CCD senzor<\/strong>, kter\u00fd m\u011bl v&nbsp;tu dobu nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozli\u0161en\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b<\/li><li><strong>2006<\/strong> &#8211; prvn\u00ed <strong>fotokiosek<\/strong> na prodejn\u00e1ch<\/li><li><strong> 2007<\/strong> &#8211; Apple vydal prvn\u00ed generaci telefon\u016f <strong>iPhone<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>2007<\/strong> &#8211; <strong>FotoStar se stal sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed skupiny CEWE<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>2009 <\/strong>&#8211; na trh byl uveden prvn\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed stereofotoapar\u00e1t <strong>Fujifilm Real 3D W1\u00a0firmy Fujitsu<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>2010<\/strong> &#8211; byl spu\u0161t\u011bn <strong>Instagram <\/strong>&#8211; za prvn\u00ed p\u016fl rok m\u011bl milion u\u017eivatel\u016f<\/li><li><strong>2010<\/strong> &#8211; <strong>CEWE FOTOLAB slav\u00ed 20 let od sv\u00e9ho zalo\u017een\u00ed<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>2018 &#8211; logo FOTOLABU dost\u00e1v\u00e1 novou podobu <\/strong><\/li><li><strong>2020<\/strong> &#8211; <strong>CEWE FOTOLAB slav\u00ed 30 let od sv\u00e9ho zalo\u017een\u00ed<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"592\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Bez-nazvu-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-36333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Bez-nazvu-1.jpg 592w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Bez-nazvu-1-300x205.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Bez-nazvu-1-50x34.jpg 50w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Bez-nazvu-1-370x253.jpg 370w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Bez-nazvu-1-270x185.jpg 270w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 592px) 100vw, 592px\" \/><figcaption>V\u00fdvoj loga spole\u010dnosti CEWE FOTOLAB<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro zaj\u00edmavost<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Od roku 2005<\/strong>, kdy jsem za\u010dali s&nbsp;v\u00fdrobou<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/cewe-fotokniha.html\"> <strong>CEWE FOTOKNIHY<\/strong><\/a> z&nbsp;vlastn\u00edch fotografi\u00ed, jsme odhadem vyrobili pro na\u0161e z\u00e1kazn\u00edky<strong> mili\u00f3n fotoknih<\/strong>. A&nbsp;to u\u017e je \u00factyhodn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo, co \u0159\u00edk\u00e1te? <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Od roku 1990 jsem vyrobili 1,75 miliardy fotografi\u00ed, a&nbsp;pokud by bylo v&nbsp;\u0159ad\u011b za sebou, 6x by omotaly zem\u011bkouli kolem rovn\u00edku.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>V posledn\u00edch letech jsme vyrobili 1,5 mili\u00f3nu <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/fotoobrazy.html\">CEWE FOTOOBRAZ\u016e<\/a><\/strong>, co\u017e by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vystavit v&nbsp;jedn\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b za sebou vedouc\u00ed z&nbsp;Prahy do Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00edky vyn\u00e1lezu fotografie, kter\u00fd si pro\u0161el dlouholet\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem, m\u016f\u017eeme na\u0161e vzpom\u00ednky nejen zachytit, ale i&nbsp;v&nbsp;podob\u011b fotografie zachovat a&nbsp;t\u011b\u0161it se z&nbsp;nich ka\u017ed\u00fd den.CEWE FOTOLAB slav\u00ed tento rok u\u017e \u00factyhodn\u00fdch 30 let od sv\u00e9ho zalo\u017een\u00ed, vyrobili jsme mili\u00f3ny fotek, fotoknih, fotod\u00e1rk\u016f a&nbsp;dal\u0161\u00edch fotoprodukt\u016f&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":35859,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[678,18],"tags":[258,1677,1679,1678],"class_list":["post-35490","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fotografie","category-novinky","tag-fotografie","tag-historie","tag-historie-cewe-fotolab","tag-historie-fotografie"],"wppr_data":{"cwp_meta_box_check":"No"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35490"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35490"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35490\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":53681,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35490\/revisions\/53681"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35859"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35490"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35490"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35490"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}