{"id":28096,"date":"2019-11-19T15:34:17","date_gmt":"2019-11-19T14:34:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/?p=28096"},"modified":"2020-06-03T14:54:16","modified_gmt":"2020-06-03T12:54:16","slug":"hyperfokalni-vzdalenost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/hyperfokalni-vzdalenost\/","title":{"rendered":"Hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost \u2013 jak s&nbsp;n\u00ed efektivn\u011b pracovat"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>S pojmem hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost se mnoz\u00ed z&nbsp;fotograf\u016f pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b setkali, a&nbsp;to zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed krajiny. Specifikem tohoto \u017e\u00e1nru je toti\u017e obvykle vyu\u017eit\u00ed optick\u00e9 soustavy fotoapar\u00e1tu tak, aby byla maximalizovan\u00e1 hloubka ostrosti a&nbsp;z\u00e1rove\u0148 vyu\u017eito co nejlep\u0161\u00edch optick\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed objektivu.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Co je hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Budeme-li se dr\u017eet striktn\u011b utilit\u00e1rn\u00ed definice, pak je mo\u017en\u00e9 definovat hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost jako ost\u0159ic\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e je ostr\u00e9 jak pop\u0159ed\u00ed sn\u00edmku, tak jeho pozad\u00ed s&nbsp;nejvzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi objekty. Hloubka ostrosti v&nbsp;takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b sah\u00e1 od n\u011bkolika des\u00edtek centimetr\u016f a\u017e po nekone\u010dno.<\/p>\n<p>Logickou \u00favahou p\u0159i znalosti expozi\u010dn\u00edho troj\u00faheln\u00edku byste mohli doj\u00edt k&nbsp;z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee v&nbsp;takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b posta\u010d\u00ed v\u00edce zaclonit objektiv a&nbsp;t\u00edm maximalizovat hloubku ostrosti sn\u00edmku. Z&nbsp;pohledu logiky je to pravdiv\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed, ov\u0161em praxe je trochu jin\u00e1.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_27625\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27625\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Podzimni-krajina-14.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27625 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Podzimni-krajina-14.jpg\" alt=\"Podzimn\u00ed krajina\" width=\"900\" height=\"601\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Podzimni-krajina-14.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Podzimni-krajina-14-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Podzimni-krajina-14-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Podzimni-krajina-14-50x33.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27625\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Autor fotografie: Tom\u00e1\u0161 Holub<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Vzhledem k&nbsp;tomu, \u017ee sv\u011btlo se ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed line\u00e1rn\u011b, ale jako vln\u011bn\u00ed, doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed vysok\u00fdch clonov\u00fdch \u010d\u00edsel k&nbsp;tzv. difrakci, ohybov\u00e9 vad\u011b \u2013 p\u0159i ur\u010dit\u00e9m otvoru clony se paprsky sv\u011btla na jej\u00ed hran\u011b oh\u00fdbaj\u00ed (nedopadaj\u00ed na sn\u00edma\u010d p\u0159\u00edmo) a&nbsp;ji\u017e nevytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed ostr\u00e9 body a&nbsp;sn\u00edmek je celkov\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b ostr\u00fd. P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch clonov\u00fdch \u010d\u00edsel je t\u0159eba tak\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edtat s&nbsp;pr\u016fchodem men\u0161\u00edho mno\u017estv\u00ed sv\u011btla, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 pou\u017eit\u00ed del\u0161\u00edho expozi\u010dn\u00edho \u010dasu nebo vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed citlivosti.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_28397\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28397\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Tomas-Holub-Walliske-Alpy-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-28397 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Tomas-Holub-Walliske-Alpy-1.jpg\" alt=\"Trek kolem Matterhorn, Wallisk\u00e9 Alpy,Zrcadlen\u00ed, jezero Riffelsee\" width=\"1200\" height=\"684\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Tomas-Holub-Walliske-Alpy-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Tomas-Holub-Walliske-Alpy-1-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Tomas-Holub-Walliske-Alpy-1-1024x584.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Tomas-Holub-Walliske-Alpy-1-768x438.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Tomas-Holub-Walliske-Alpy-1-50x29.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-28397\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Autor fotografie: Tom\u00e1\u0161 Holub<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Alternativou m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ost\u0159en\u00ed na nekone\u010dno, kdy je tak\u00e9 zachov\u00e1na velk\u00e1 hloubka ostrosti ov\u0161em tato neza\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 tak bl\u00edzko p\u0159ed objektivem, tak\u017ee do jej\u00edho rozsahu v\u011bt\u0161inou nespad\u00e1 pop\u0159ed\u00ed sn\u00edmku. V\u00fdsledkem je tedy situace, kdy nechceme m\u00edt zcela zaclon\u011bn\u00fd objektiv, z\u00e1rove\u0148 nechceme ost\u0159it na nekone\u010dno, a&nbsp;p\u0159itom po\u017eadujeme maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hloubku ostrosti \u2013 ost\u0159en\u00ed na hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost je \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm t\u00e9to situace.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Jak ost\u0159it na hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed hodnota hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti je odli\u0161n\u00e1 pro ka\u017ed\u00fd objektiv, do hry toti\u017e vstupuje n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch faktor\u016f \u2013 vedle ohniskov\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti je to pou\u017eit\u00e1 clona a&nbsp;tak\u00e9 to, jak budeme definovat a&nbsp;co pova\u017eujeme za ostr\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h3><em><strong>Jak se definuje ostrost?<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n<p><em>Pro jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed definici toho, co je ostr\u00e9 a&nbsp;co nikoliv, a&nbsp;tak\u00e9 pro jak\u00e9si ustaven\u00ed n\u00e1zvoslov\u00ed, byl zaveden pojem rozptylov\u00fd krou\u017eek. U&nbsp;n\u011bj se vych\u00e1z\u00ed z&nbsp;p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd bod na fotografii je zobrazen jako mal\u00e1 plo\u0161ka. V&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je plo\u0161ka mal\u00e1 a&nbsp;lidsk\u00e9 oko ji vn\u00edm\u00e1 jako bod, pak je obraz ostr\u00fd, v&nbsp;opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se n\u00e1m jev\u00ed jako rozost\u0159en\u00fd.Z\u00e1rove\u0148 plat\u00ed, \u017ee lidsk\u00e9 oko m\u00e1 omezenou rozli\u0161ovac\u00ed schopnost a&nbsp;rozpozn\u00e1 dva body pouze v&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je jejich \u00fahlov\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 1 \u00fahlov\u00e1 minuta. Jakmile jsou dva body bl\u00ed\u017ee tak za\u010dnou spl\u00fdvat. V&nbsp;praxi to znamen\u00e1 \u017ee p\u0159i sledov\u00e1n\u00ed z&nbsp;b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u010dtec\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti mus\u00ed b\u00fdt tyto dva body alespo\u0148 0,1666667 mm od sebe.U zv\u011bt\u0161enin do velikosti 20\u00d730 cm plat\u00ed, \u017ee velikost rozptylov\u00e9ho krou\u017eku (tedy to, kdy jsou body vid\u011bt samostatn\u011b) je 0,0333 mm, pokud je bod \/ rozptylov\u00fd krou\u017eek v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, pak se jev\u00ed jako neostr\u00fd. U&nbsp;zv\u011bt\u0161enin v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho form\u00e1tu se pova\u017eovala za ide\u00e1ln\u00ed velikost rozptylov\u00e9ho krou\u017eku 0,025 mm. Vzhledem k&nbsp;tomu, \u017ee rozptylov\u00fd krou\u017eek byl stanoven jako dohodnut\u00fd pojem, je tak\u00e9 vzta\u017een ke standardn\u00edm pozorovac\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m \u2013 p\u0159i velikosti obrazu A4 je to vzd\u00e1lenost pozorovatele od obrazu 38 cm. V\u00fdrazn\u00fd vliv na ostrost tedy m\u00e1 velikost zv\u011bt\u0161eniny a&nbsp;pozorovac\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0praxi je mo\u017en\u00e9 se odp\u00edchnout od z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pou\u010dky pro pr\u00e1ci s\u00a0hloubkou ostrosti, a&nbsp;sice, \u017ee tato le\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b jednu t\u0159etinu rozsahu vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed p\u0159ed a&nbsp;dv\u011b t\u0159etiny za m\u00edstem, kam je zaost\u0159eno. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je tak\u00e9 t\u0159eba br\u00e1t v\u00a0potaz fakt, \u017ee s\u00a0rostouc\u00ed zaclon\u011bn\u00edm roste i&nbsp;hloubka ostrosti.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud si tuto pou\u010dku p\u0159evedeme do praxe, pak je pro maximalizaci hloubky ostrosti vhodn\u00e9 ost\u0159it na m\u00edsto, kter\u00e9 le\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b v&nbsp;jedn\u00e9 t\u0159etin\u011b vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed mezi nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edm a&nbsp;nejvzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edm m\u00edstem na sc\u00e9n\u011b, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 b\u00fdt ostr\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Bude-li tedy po\u017eadovan\u00fd rozsah hloubky ostrosti od 3 do 3000 metr\u016f, pak je vhodn\u00e9 ost\u0159it na objekt ve vzd\u00e1lenosti 999 metr\u016f, av\u0161ak p\u0159i volb\u011b vhodn\u00e9ho clonov\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla. Vliv ohniska objektivu je p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s&nbsp;hloubkou ostrosti tak\u00e9 podstatn\u00fd \u2013 krat\u0161\u00ed ohniska toti\u017e maj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hloubku ostrosti p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed stejn\u00e9ho clonov\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla ne\u017e objektivy s&nbsp;del\u0161\u00ed ohniskovou vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed. T\u00edm p\u00e1dem ani nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba u&nbsp;\u0161iroko\u00fahl\u00fdch objektiv\u016f tolik clonit, abychom celou sc\u00e9nu zaost\u0159ili.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_28105\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28105\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/krajina.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-28105\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/krajina-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/krajina-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/krajina-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/krajina-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/krajina-50x28.jpg 50w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/krajina-610x343.jpg 610w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-28105\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>U podobn\u00fdch z\u00e1b\u011br\u016f je pou\u017eit\u00ed hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti nutnost\u00ed, umo\u017e\u0148uje toti\u017e zachytit ostr\u00e9 jak pop\u0159ed\u00ed (ub\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00eddka), tak i&nbsp;vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 pozad\u00ed<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti je v&nbsp;sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b digit\u00e1ln\u00ed fotografie pom\u011brn\u011b snadn\u00e9, jakmile si tuto techniku vyzkou\u0161\u00edte, m\u011bli byste b\u00fdt schopni bez v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f nastavit spr\u00e1vnou vzd\u00e1lenost na z\u00e1klad\u011b znalosti pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch objektiv\u016f. Je\u0161t\u011b ne\u017e se to v\u0161ak nau\u010d\u00edte, nab\u00edz\u00ed se vyu\u017e\u00edt n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00a0dostupn\u00fdch kalkula\u010dek hloubky ostrosti a&nbsp;hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti.<\/p>\n<p>Jednu star\u0161\u00ed, av\u0161ak st\u00e1le pln\u011b funk\u010dn\u00ed najdete nap\u0159\u00edklad na webu <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dofmaster.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">DOFMaster<\/a><\/strong>, kde zad\u00e1te velikost sn\u00edma\u010de (v\u00fdb\u011brem apar\u00e1tu) a&nbsp;n\u00e1sledn\u011b vol\u00edte ohnisko objektivu, pou\u017eitou clonu a&nbsp;vzd\u00e1lenost p\u0159edm\u011btu, na kter\u00fd chcete ost\u0159it. Ov\u0161em vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee prakticky ka\u017ed\u00fd dnes pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 smartphone, nen\u00ed nic jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edho ne\u017e si takovou kalkula\u010dku st\u00e1hnout v\u00a0podob\u011b aplikace p\u0159\u00edmo do mobiln\u00edho telefonu.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/DOFMaster.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28100\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/DOFMaster.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"647\" height=\"883\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/DOFMaster.png 647w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/DOFMaster-220x300.png 220w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/DOFMaster-37x50.png 37w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 647px) 100vw, 647px\" \/><\/a>V\u00a0r\u00e1mci platformy Android je mo\u017en\u00e9 doporu\u010dit bezplatn\u00e9 aplikace <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.aimenrg.dof\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" class=\"broken_link\">DOF Calculator<\/a> <\/strong>anebo <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=in.zendroid.hyperfocal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" class=\"broken_link\">HyperFocal Pro<\/a><\/strong>, kter\u00e9 najdete p\u0159\u00edmo v\u00a0obchodu Google Play. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te-li iPhone, pak je k\u00a0dispozici placen\u00e1 aplikace <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/us\/app\/depth-of-field-calculator\/id356339910\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Depth Of Field Calculator<\/a><\/strong> nebo <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/us\/app\/simple-dof-calculator\/id301222730\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Simple DoF Calculator<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"row-fluid\">\n<div class=\"span6 rhcol\"><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/dofcalc.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-28101\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/dofcalc-188x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"188\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/dofcalc-188x300.png 188w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/dofcalc-31x50.png 31w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/dofcalc.png 457w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 188px) 100vw, 188px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"span6 rhcol\"><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/dofcalc_1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-28102\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/dofcalc_1-190x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"190\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/dofcalc_1-190x300.png 190w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/dofcalc_1-32x50.png 32w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/dofcalc_1.png 458w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 190px) 100vw, 190px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Pracujete-li \u010dast\u011bji s\u00a0objektivy s\u00a0pevnou ohniskovou vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed, pak by mohla b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 jednoduch\u00e1 tabulka s\u00a0p\u0159ehled hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00edch vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed pro jednotliv\u00e1 ohniska v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na pou\u017eit\u00e9 clon\u011b.<\/p>\n<h2><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/doftab.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28103\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/doftab.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"686\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/doftab.png 686w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/doftab-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/doftab-50x29.png 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 686px) 100vw, 686px\" \/><\/a><strong>Maximalizace hloubky ostrosti a&nbsp;fototechnika<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Jak ji\u017e bylo zm\u00edn\u011bno na za\u010d\u00e1tku, nej\u010dast\u011bji se pracuje s\u00a0hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed p\u0159i krajin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 fotografii. Sv\u016fj smysl v\u0161ak m\u00e1 i&nbsp;p\u0159i report\u00e1\u017ei a&nbsp;street fotografii, kdy chcete b\u00fdt nen\u00e1padn\u00ed anebo m\u00e1te minimum \u010dasu na zaost\u0159en\u00ed. V\u00a0takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je vhodn\u00e9 si p\u0159edost\u0159it a&nbsp;m\u00edt tak jasn\u011b vymezen\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti v\u00a0nich\u017e je z\u00e1b\u011br ostr\u00fd \u2013 pot\u00e9 ji\u017e sta\u010d\u00ed jen rychle zakomponovat sn\u00edmek a&nbsp;stisknout spou\u0161\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Kup\u0159\u00edkladu kombinace plnoform\u00e1tov\u00e9ho sn\u00edma\u010de a&nbsp;35 mm objektivu poskytne p\u0159i clon\u011b F7,1 a&nbsp;zaost\u0159en\u00ed na vzd\u00e1lenost 3 metry hloubku ostrosti o&nbsp;rozsahu 4,2 m, a&nbsp;to v\u00a0rozmez\u00ed od 1,98&nbsp;m&nbsp;do 6,22&nbsp;m. Av\u0161ak v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zaost\u0159en\u00ed na vzd\u00e1lenost 6&nbsp;m&nbsp;ji\u017e bude hloubka ostrosti nekone\u010dn\u00e1, tak\u017ee na sn\u00edmku bude ostr\u00e9 v\u0161echno od cca 3 metr\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/canon-ef-70-300mm-f-4-5-6-is-ii-usm-4-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-28104\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/canon-ef-70-300mm-f-4-5-6-is-ii-usm-4-2-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/canon-ef-70-300mm-f-4-5-6-is-ii-usm-4-2-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/canon-ef-70-300mm-f-4-5-6-is-ii-usm-4-2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/canon-ef-70-300mm-f-4-5-6-is-ii-usm-4-2-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/canon-ef-70-300mm-f-4-5-6-is-ii-usm-4-2-50x28.jpg 50w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/canon-ef-70-300mm-f-4-5-6-is-ii-usm-4-2-610x343.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/canon-ef-70-300mm-f-4-5-6-is-ii-usm-4-2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Star\u0161\u00ed objektivy a&nbsp;pouze n\u011bkter\u00e9 nov\u00e9 maj\u00ed na tubusu vyzna\u010denou stupnici hloubky ostrosti, kde je mo\u017en\u00e9 kontrolovat jej\u00ed rozmez\u00ed p\u0159i konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed clon\u011b a&nbsp;vzd\u00e1lenosti zaost\u0159en\u00ed. V\u00a0modern\u00ed podob\u011b je tato informace dostupn\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad u&nbsp;objektivu <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/eshop\/objektivy\/zoom-objektivy\/canon\/canon-ef-70-300mm-f-4-5-6-is-ii-usm.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Canon EF 70\u2013300 mm F4\u20135,6 IS II USM<\/a><\/strong>, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 vestav\u011bn\u00fd displej a&nbsp;informace zobrazuje stejn\u011b.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<h4><strong>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee objektiv zaost\u0159ovac\u00ed stupnic\u00ed nedisponuje, m\u016f\u017eete je\u0161t\u011b u&nbsp;n\u011bkter\u00fdch bezzrcadlovek zobrazit jej\u00ed elektronickou podobu na displeji apar\u00e1tu.<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Pom\u011brn\u011b podstatn\u00fd vliv na hloubku ostrosti a&nbsp;t\u00edm i&nbsp;hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 velikost sn\u00edma\u010de digit\u00e1ln\u00edho apar\u00e1tu, kde obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee men\u0161\u00ed sn\u00edma\u010de maj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hloubku ostrosti, kde\u017eto velk\u00e9 sn\u00edma\u010de men\u0161\u00ed hloubku ostrosti p\u0159i zachov\u00e1n\u00ed shodn\u00e9ho efektivn\u00edho ohniska. V\u00fdhodu je v&nbsp;takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nap\u0159\u00edklad apar\u00e1t standardu micro 4\/3 s&nbsp;v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hloubkou ostrosti, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru vhodn\u00e9ho objektivu lze st\u00e1le velmi efektivn\u011b rozost\u0159it pop\u0159ed\u00ed i&nbsp;pozad\u00ed sn\u00edmku.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_28132\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28132\" style=\"width: 1400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/OM-D_E-M5_Mark_III_silver_EZ-M1415II_ECG-5_Product_350.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-28132 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/OM-D_E-M5_Mark_III_silver_EZ-M1415II_ECG-5_Product_350.jpg\" alt=\"OLYMPUS OM-D E-M5 Mark III\" width=\"1400\" height=\"1050\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/OM-D_E-M5_Mark_III_silver_EZ-M1415II_ECG-5_Product_350.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/OM-D_E-M5_Mark_III_silver_EZ-M1415II_ECG-5_Product_350-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/OM-D_E-M5_Mark_III_silver_EZ-M1415II_ECG-5_Product_350-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/OM-D_E-M5_Mark_III_silver_EZ-M1415II_ECG-5_Product_350-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/OM-D_E-M5_Mark_III_silver_EZ-M1415II_ECG-5_Product_350-50x38.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-28132\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>OLYMPUS OM-D E-M5 Mark III<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Naopak u&nbsp;plnoform\u00e1tov\u00fdch a&nbsp;v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch sn\u00edma\u010d\u016f je hloubka ostrosti men\u0161\u00ed, a&nbsp;tud\u00ed\u017e se v&nbsp;n\u011bkter\u00fdch situac\u00edch nevyhnete skl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edce sn\u00edmk\u016f dohromady \u2013 a\u010dkoli je to b\u011b\u017en\u00fd postup p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm u&nbsp;makrofotografie, ob\u010das se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 i&nbsp;u&nbsp;fotografie krajin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<h4><strong><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/10_velikost-snimace-fotoaparatu-e1551101334715.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10533 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/10_velikost-snimace-fotoaparatu-e1551101334715.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"90\" height=\"73\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/10_velikost-snimace-fotoaparatu-e1551101334715.png 171w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/10_velikost-snimace-fotoaparatu-e1551101334715-50x40.png 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 90px) 100vw, 90px\" \/><\/a>\u010cT\u011aTE TAK\u00c9 NA BLOGU: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/velikost-snimace\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pro\u010d je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 velikost sn\u00edma\u010de fotoapar\u00e1tu<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_25080\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-25080\" style=\"width: 486px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a class=\"gridlove-popup-img\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Panasonic-s1r.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-25080\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Panasonic-s1r.jpg\" alt=\"Panasonic S1R + 24-105mm\" width=\"486\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Panasonic-s1r.jpg 676w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Panasonic-s1r-292x300.jpg 292w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Panasonic-s1r-50x50.jpg 50w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Panasonic-s1r-51x51.jpg 51w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 486px) 100vw, 486px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-25080\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Panasonic S1R + 24-105mm<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>A\u0165 u\u017e budete vyu\u017e\u00edvat jakoukoli fotografickou techniku, postupy jsou st\u00e1le stejn\u00e9, a&nbsp;tak nen\u00ed nic jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edho, ne\u017e si fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed ost\u0159ic\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed vyzkou\u0161et v\u00a0praxi, jen tak si toti\u017e tento n\u00e1vyk v\u0161t\u00edp\u00edte a&nbsp;m\u016f\u017eete v\u00a0budoucnu t\u011b\u017eit z\u00a0vlastn\u00edch zku\u0161enost\u00ed i&nbsp;bez pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed kalkula\u010dek a&nbsp;p\u0159evodn\u00edch tabulek.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>\u010cl\u00e1nek pro v\u00e1s p\u0159ipravil ve spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0redakc\u00ed FOTOLAB blogu:<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-17672\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Petr-Brezina.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Petr-Brezina.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Petr-Brezina-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Petr-Brezina-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Petr-Brezina-70x70.jpg 70w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Petr-Brezina-400x400.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Petr-Brezina-350x350.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Petr-Brezina-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Petr-Brezina-51x51.jpg 51w\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>Petr B\u0159ezina<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>K fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed jsem p\u0159i\u010dichl poprv\u00e9 v\u00a0roce 1996, kdy jsem uko\u0159istil otc\u016fv Zenit 11 a\u00a0k\u00a0n\u011bmu po\u0159\u00eddil sv\u011bteln\u00fd 135mm objektiv, na vysok\u00e9 to bylo ve znamen\u00ed kompakt\u016f a\u00a0koup\u011b filmov\u00e9 zrcadlovky. Od roku 2004 spolupracuji s\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdmi redakcemi na testov\u00e1n\u00ed digit\u00e1l\u016f, tak\u017ee mi rukama pro\u0161lo nem\u00e1lo stroj\u016f. Nejl\u00e9pe se v\u0161ak c\u00edt\u00edm se sv\u011btelnou p\u011btat\u0159ic\u00edtkou, kter\u00e1 mi naprosto vyhovuje nejen p\u0159i report\u00e1\u017ei, ale i\u00a0p\u0159i portr\u00e9tech.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S pojmem hyperfok\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost se mnoz\u00ed z&nbsp;fotograf\u016f pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b setkali, a&nbsp;to zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i fotografov\u00e1n\u00ed krajiny. Specifikem tohoto \u017e\u00e1nru je toti\u017e obvykle vyu\u017eit\u00ed optick\u00e9 soustavy fotoapar\u00e1tu tak, aby byla maximalizovan\u00e1 hloubka ostrosti a&nbsp;z\u00e1rove\u0148 vyu\u017eito co nejlep\u0161\u00edch optick\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed objektivu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":256,"featured_media":28446,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[559,18],"tags":[946,1300,1477,124,434,1476],"class_list":["post-28096","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fotolab-fotoradce","category-novinky","tag-fotoradce","tag-hloubka-ostrosti","tag-hyperfokalni-vzdalenost","tag-krajina","tag-objektiv","tag-ostreni"],"wppr_data":{"cwp_meta_box_check":"No"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28096"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/256"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28096"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28096\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33213,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28096\/revisions\/33213"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28096"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28096"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28096"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}